Sprains (distortions) and dislocations (luxations) are – like fractures – joint injuries. They are usually extremely painful and restrict movement in the part of the body affected.
In the event of a sprain, parts of a joint are shoved against each other with considerable force and briefly separated from each other. As a result, the capsular ligament system is overstretched. This leads to tears, ligament relaxation and injuries to internal blood vessels. Swelling develops, yet the anatomy of the body part affected remains intact for the main part.
In the event of a dislocation, the joint-forming bone ends no longer assume their correct position following the impact and remain in an anatomically incorrect position. In contrast to sprains, the body part affected is hardly able to be moved when dislocated.
Do not try to reset the dislocated joint yourself, but leave this to a physician at all events.
First aid measures: – Do not put any further strain on the injured joint, but keep it still (to immobilize it, use a strapping tape). – If possible, elevate joint. – Immediately cool the joint well to avoid eventual further swelling. – Have the affected part of the body examined by a physician at all events, as it cannot be seen from the outside whether you have a fracture or torn ligament.
